Conservation biology is concerned with the application and biological science to the conservation and protection of Earth’s biodiversity. It is quite recent in the scientific activity field only coming out in the past several decades in response to the accelerating biodiversity crisis. It represents an integration of theory, basic and applied research, and broader educational goals.
The most important cause of the biodiversity crisis is due to the disturbance of natural habitats, particularly through the conversion of tropical forests into agricultural habitats. It is also greatly threatened by the excessive hunting of certain species, climate change, commercial forestry, and by other stressors associated with human activities, such as water and air pollution.
The major goal of conservation biology is to discover ways of avoiding or repairing the damage that human influences are doing to biodiversity. Some important things to think of include the development of science-based methods for conserving endangered populations of species on larger landscapes (or seascapes, in marine environments), and of designing systems of protected areas where natural ecosystems and indigenous species can be conserved.
The amount of biodiversity ranges from a genetic variation of individuals within and among populations of species up to the richness of species that co-occur in ecological communities. Biodiversity is very valuable for many reasons. However, they can be grouped into the following three classes: intrinsic value, utilitarian value, and provision of ecological services.
The overall importance of conservation biology lies not only in the contribution to sustaining human life and welfare but also in the maintenance processes fundamental to the health of the biosphere.
Global Environmental Change 